Home Introduction Prefaces Introduction to the classification How to Use This Classification Subcommittees and working groups The Classification Table of contents Part I: The primary headaches Part II: The secondary headaches Part III: Cranial neuralgias, facial pain and other headaches Appendix Definition of Terms

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5. HEADACHE ATTRIBUTED TO HEAD AND/OR NECK TRAUMA 6. HEADACHE ATTRIBUTED TO CRANIAL OR CERVICAL VASCULAR DISORDER 7. HEADACHE ATTRIBUTED TO NON-VASCULAR INTRACRANIAL DISORDER 8. HEADACHE ATTRIBUTED TO A SUBSTANCE OR ITS WITHDRAWAL 9. HEADACHE ATTRIBUTED TO INFECTION 10. HEADACHE ATTRIBUTED TO DISORDER OF HOMOEOSTASIS 10.1. Headache attributed to hypoxia and/or hypercapnia 10.2. Dialysis headache [Y84.1] 10.3. Headache attributed to arterial hypertension [I10] 10.4. Headache attributed to hypothyroidism [E03.9] 10.5. Headache attributed to fasting [T73.0] 10.6. Cardiac cephalalgia [code to specify aetiology] 10.7. Headache attributed to other disorder of homoeostasis [code to specify aetiology] Bibliography11. HEADACHE OR FACIAL PAIN ATTRIBUTED TO DISORDER OF CRANIUM, NECK, EYES, EARS, NOSE, SINUSES, TEETH, MOUTH OR OTHER FACIAL OR CRANIAL STRUCTURES 12. HEADACHE ATTRIBUTED TO PSYCHIATRIC DISORDER 

Bibliography

10.1.1 High-altitude headache; 10.1.3 Sleep apnoea headache

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Heckerling PS, Leikiin JB, Maturen A, Perkins JT.

Predictors of occult carbon monoxide poisoning in patients with headache and dizziness. Ann Intern Med 1987;107:174-176.

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Neurologic manifestations of pulmonary disease. Neurologic Clinics 1989;7: 605-16.

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Do patients with obstructive sleep apnea wake up with headaches? Arch Intern Med 1999;159:1765-1768.

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Clinical features of headache at altitude: a prospective study. Neurology 2003;60:1167-71.

10.1.2 Diving headache

Cheshire WP, Ott MC Jr.

Headache in divers. Headache 2001;41:235-247.

Edmonds RC, Greene ER, Schoene RB, et al.

Diving and subaquative medicine. 3rd Ed. Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann;1992:404-406.

Sliwka U, Kransney JA, Simon SG, et al.

Effects of sustained low-level elevations of carbon dioxide on cerebral blood flow and autoregulation of the intracerebral arteries in humans. Aviat Space Environ Med 1998;69:299-306.

10.2 Dialysis headache

Antoniazzi AL, Bigal ME, Bordini CA, Speciali JG.

Headache associated with dialysis. The IHS criteria revisited. Cephalalgia 2003;23:146-9.

Jameson, MD, Wiegmann, TB.

Principles, uses, and complications of hemodialysis. Medical Clinics of North America 1990;74:945-60.

10.3 Headache attributed to arterial hypertension

Dodick DW.

Recurrent short-lasting headache associated with paroxysmal hypertension: a clonidine-responsive syndrome. Cephalalgia 2000;20:509-514.

Gus M, Fuchs FD, Pimentel M, Rosa D, Melo AG, Moreira LB.

Behavior of ambulatory blood pressure surrounding episodes of headache in mildly hypertensive patients. Arch Intern Med 2001;161:252-255.

Kruszewski P, Bieniaszewski L, Neubauer J, Krupa-Wojciechowska B.

Headache in patients with mild to moderate hypertension is generally not associated with simultaneous blood pressure elevation. J Hypertension 2000;18:437-444.

Lance JW, Hinterberger H.

Symptom of pheochromocytoma with particular reference to headache, correlated with catecholamine production. Arch Neurol 1976;33:281-288.

Land SH, Donovan T.

Pre-eclampsia and eclampsia headache: classification recommendation [letter]. Cephalalgia 1999;19:67-9.

Loh KC, Shlossberg AH, Abbott EC, Salisbury SR, Tan MH.

Phaeochromocytoma: a ten-year survey. Quart J Med 1997;90:51-60.

Mannelli M, Ianni L, Cilotti A, Conti A.

Pheochromocytoma in Italy: A multicentric retrospective study. Eur J Endocrinol 1999;141:619-624.

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The neurologists experience with pheochromocytoma. JAMA 1966;197:754-758.

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Pre-eclampsia. Lancet 2000;56:1260-65.

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Relation of high blood pressure to headache, epistaxis, and selected other symptoms. The United States Health Examination Survey of Adults. N Engl J Med. 1972;287:631-3.

Zampaglione B, Pascale C, Marchisio M, Cavallo-Perin P.

Hypertensive urgencies and emergencies. Prevalence and clinical presentation. Hypertension 1996;27:144-147.

10.4 Headache attributed to hypothyroidism

Airaghi L, Catania A.

Endocrine headache. In: Seminars in headache management. Neuroendocrinological aspects of headache, vol 4, number 4. B.C.Decker Inc, 1999: 1-15.

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Tests of thyroid function in chronic headache patients. Headache 1987;27:351-3.

Arafah BM, Prunty D, Ybarra J, Hlavin ML, Selman WR.

The dominant role of increased intrasellar pressure in the pathogenesis hypopituitarism, hyperprolactinemia, and headache in patients with pituitary adenomas. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2000; 85: 1789-93.

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Chronic headache due to masked hypothyroidism. Ann Intern Med 1948;29:456-60.

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Headache in hypothyroidism. Prevalence and outcome under thyroid hormone therapy. Cephalalgia 1988; 18: 687-689.

10.5 Headache attributed to fasting

Dalton K.

Food intake prior to migraine attacks. Study of 2,313 spontaneous attacks. Headache 1975;15:188-193.

Dexter JD, Roberts J, Byer JA.

The five hour glucose tolerance test and effect of low sucrose diet in migraine. Headache 1978;18:91-94.

Malouf R, Brust JCM.

Hypoglycemia: causes, neurological manifestations, and outcome. Ann Neurol 1985;17:421-430.

Mosek, AC, Korczyn, A.D.

Yom Kippur Headache. Neurology 1995;45: 1953-1955.

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Insulin induced hypoglycaemia in migraine. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiat 1971;34:154-156.

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10.6 Cardiac cephalalgia

Blacky RA, Rittlemeyer JT, Wallace MR.

Headache angina. Am J Cardiol 1987;60:730.

Bowen J, Oppenheimer G.

Headache as a presentation of angina: reproduction of symptoms during angioplasty. Headache 1993;33:238-239.

Fleetcroft R, Maddocks JL.

Headache due to ischaemic heart disease. J R Soc Med 1985;78:676.

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Anginal headache and its basis. Cephalalgia 1997;17:195-6.

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Bregmatic headache as a manifestation of myocardial ischemia. Arch Neurol 1982;39:130.

Lipton RB, Lowenkopf T, Bajwa ZH, Leckie RS, Ribeiro S, Newman LC, Greenberg MA.

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Walk headache: an unusual manifestation of ischemic heart disease. Headache 1989;29:350-351.

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IHS vs. ICD-10

To facilitate headache diagnosis in daily practice, the classification provides the corresponding WHO ICD-10NA codes for each IHS code.

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The Classification Subcommittee prepares and revises the International Classification of Headache Disorders.

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